Promoting First Relationships®—Home Visiting Options

Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2021

Effects shown in research

Reductions in child maltreatment

Findings rated high

Oxford, M. L., Spieker, S. J., Lohr, M. J., & Fleming, C. B. (2016). Promoting First Relationships®: Randomized trial of a 10-week home visiting program with families referred to child protective services. Child Maltreatment, 21(4), 267–277.

Promoting First Relationships^®—Home Visiting Intervention Model

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Outcome measure	Effect	Follow-up timing	Sample	Sample size	Intervention group	Comparison group	Group difference	Effect size	Statistical significance	Notes
CPS-initiated child removals from birth parent	FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect	15 months post-intervention	PFR vs. R&R, Washington state 2011-2014	211 parent/child dyads	Unadjusted proportion = 0.06	Unadjusted proportion = 0.13	Incidence rate ratio = 2.50	HomVEE = -0.56	Statistically significant, p= 0.04	Negative effect is favorable Submitted by user on Fri, 03/15/2019 - 14:29 Negative effect is favorable to the intervention.

Spieker, S. J., Oxford, M. L., & Fleming, C. B. (2014). Permanency outcomes for toddlers in child welfare two years after a randomized trial of a parenting intervention. Children & Youth Services Review, 44, 201-206.

Promoting First Relationships^®—Home Visiting Intervention Model

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Outcome measure	Effect	Follow-up timing	Sample	Sample size	Intervention group	Comparison group	Group difference	Effect size	Statistical significance	Notes
Permanency	FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect	Two years post randomization	PFR vs. EES, one county in Washington state, 2007-2010, full sample	210 children	Not reported	Not reported	Odds ratio = 1.72	HomVEE calculated = 0.33	Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05	Effect size based on study OR Submitted by barbara on Fri, 04/12/2019 - 18:55 HomVEE calculated the effect size based on the study-reported odds ratio.
Stability	FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect	Two years post randomization	PFR vs. EES, one county in Washington state, 2007-2010, full sample	210 children	Not reported	Not reported	Odds ratio = 1.19	HomVEE calculated = 0.11	Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05	Effect size based on study OR Submitted by barbara on Fri, 04/12/2019 - 18:55 HomVEE calculated the effect size based on the study-reported odds ratio.

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