White
87.70%
Source
Izzo, C., Eckenrode, J., Smith, E., Henderson, C., Cole, R., Kitzman, H., & Olds, D. L. (2005). Reducing the impact of uncontrollable stressful life events through a program of nurse home visitation for new parents. Prevention Science, 6(4), 269–274.
Model(s) Reviewed
Funding Sources
This study was supported with grants from the Prevention Research Branch of the National Institutes of Mental Health (R01-MH49381); the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (96ASPE278A); the Children's Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (90-CA-1631). The research was also supported by an NIH Senior Research Scientist Award.
Study Design
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized controlled trial | Low | Established on race/ethnicity and SES; outcomes not feasible to assess at baseline | None |
Notes
In addition to the outcomes that received a high rating, substance use outcomes in the maternal health domain received a moderate rating because equivalence was not established on baseline measures of the outcomes.
Study Participants
Participants were 324 mothers and 315 of their first-born children. The mothers and children all participated in an RCT examining the Nurse-Family Partnership model in Elmira, NY in 1978. At the time of recruitment, participants were pregnant, first-time mothers who were less than 25 weeks pregnant. All participants were all either under the age of 19; unmarried; or had low socioeconomic status, as indicated by their Medicaid eligibility.
Setting
Elmira, NY, USA
Home Visiting Services
The treatment group received in-home nurse visits from pregnancy through 24 months after birth, in addition to the same services as the comparison group.
Comparison Conditions
Mothers in the comparison group received developmental and sensory screening for their children, clinical referrals, and transportation to prenatal and postnatal care.
Were any subgroups examined?
No
Findings that rate moderate or high in this manuscript
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental health - Anxiety: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
15 years |
High | 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
300 mothers | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
Mental health - Positive well-being: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
15 years |
High | -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.90 |
300 mothers | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
Mental health - Emotional stability: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
15 years |
High | 0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.90 |
300 mothers | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
Mental health - Depression: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
15 years |
High | -0.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.95 |
300 mothers | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
| Alcohol impairment score | 15 years | Moderate | -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 | 300 mothers | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | ||
| Substance use - # cigarettes smoked per day | 15 years | Moderate | -0.21 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.11 | 300 mothers | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | ||
| Substance use - binge drinking: # days had 5+ drinks in the past year | 15 years | Moderate | 0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.65 | 300 mothers | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parenting practices - Supervision: Parenting Style Index measure by Steinberg et al. (1993) |
15 years |
High | -0.26 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.05 |
300 children | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
Parenting practices - Warmth: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
15 years |
High | -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.76 |
300 children | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
Parenting practices - Inconsistent discipline: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
15 years |
High | -0.16 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.23 |
300 children | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
Parenting practices - Parent involvement: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
15 years |
High | 0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.89 |
300 children | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
||
Parenting practices - Hostility: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
15 years |
High | -1.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 |
300 children | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
This study included participants with the following characteristics at enrollment:
Race/Ethnicity
Maternal Education
Other Characteristics
This study included participants from the following locations:
- New York