Black or African American
47.90%
Source
DuMont, K., Kirkland, K., Mitchell-Herzfeld, S., Ehrhard-Dietzel, S., Rodriguez, M. L., Lee, E., ... & Greene, R. (2010). A randomized trial of Healthy Families New York (HFNY): Does home visiting prevent child maltreatment? Rensselaer, NY: New York State Office of Children & Family Services and Albany, NY: University of Albany, State University of New York.
Model(s) Reviewed
Funding Sources
This research was supported by Award No: 2006-MU-MU-0002 awarded by the National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice.
Study Design
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized controlled trial | Low | Established on race/ethnicity. | None |
Notes
In 2020, HomVEE updated this review to move the measures of withdrawn depressed, anxious depressed, and social problems (Child Behavior Checklist) from the Child Health domain to the Child Development and School Readiness domain because ACF determined that HomVEE should place all child mental and behavioral health outcomes in the Child Development and School Readiness domain.
High rating applies to all outcomes except those with baseline differences that were not controlled. The moderate rating applies to the following outcomes: biological mother confirmed subject–sexual abuse, target child confirmed victim–sexual abuse, and nonviolent discipline prevalence (CTS-PC)
Study Participants
Community agencies, including prenatal care providers and hospitals, screened expectant parents and parents with an infant younger than three months of age who lived in high-risk target areas and who were considered to be at risk for child abuse or neglect. Women were selected for the study following the same screening and assessment procedures used to determine eligibility for Healthy Families New York (HFNY). Family assessment workers (FAWs) obtained informed consent from women before the administration of a well-established risk assessment tool. In total 1,254 mothers were randomly assigned (intervention, n = 621; control, n = 633), and 1,173 mothers (intervention, n = 579; control, n = 594) completed baseline interviews. Thirty-four percent of the mothers were white, non-Latina; 45 percent were African American, non-Latina; and 18 percent were Latina.
Setting
This study took place in three sites within the HFNY home visiting program.
Home Visiting Services
HFNY, which is based on the Healthy Families America (HFA) model, was established as a strengths-based, intensive home visitation program with the explicit goals of 1) promoting positive parenting skills and parent-child interaction; 2) preventing child abuse and neglect; 3) supporting optimal prenatal care, and child health and development; and 4) improving parent’s self-sufficiency.
Families are provided intensive home visitation services bi-weekly during the prenatal period, weekly until the child is at least six months old, and periodically thereafter based on the needs of the family until the child begins school or Head Start. Home visits typically emphasize content that is appropriate to the particular service level on which the family is currently assigned. For example, visits on the prenatal level focus on promoting adequate prenatal care and providing information regarding fetal development, as well as preparing the family for childbirth and providing instruction on the care and safety of a newborn. Postnatal visits focus primarily on promoting positive parent-child interactions, educating parents about child growth and development, and enhancing family functioning and self-sufficiency.
HFNY programs determine the most appropriate curricula to use during home visits based on the specific needs and characteristics of individual families. At all stages, home visitors provide support, education, information, and activities designed to promote healthy parenting behaviors and child growth, including proper nutrition, age-appropriate behaviors, and positive discipline strategies. Home visitors also help mothers access health care and other services as needed; identify and address issues regarding positive family functioning; and discuss childcare, education, training, and employment options.
Comparison Conditions
The control group was given information on and received referrals to appropriate services other than home visiting.
Subgroups examined
• Maternal age and parity (primiparous and age less than 20 years) • Child maltreatment (mother has at least one substantiated child protective services report)
Findings that rate moderate or high in this manuscript
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Effect size | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage participating in a gifted program | 7 year | High | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Percentage receiving remedial services | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Percentage receiving special education | 7 year | High | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Percentage repeating a grade | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Percentage skipping school more than once | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Attention problems (CBCL) | 7 year | High | 0.01 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Anxious, depressed (CBCL) | 7 year | High | -0.03 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Withdrawn, depressed (CBCL) | 7 year | High | -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Social problems (CBCL) | 7 year | High | -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Rule-breaking behavior (CBCL) | 7 year | High | 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Aggressive behaviors (CBCL) | 7 year | High | 0.04 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Effect size | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biological mother or target child confirmed subject or victim of CPS report, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Biological mother confirmed subject—neglect, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Target child confirmed victim—neglect, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Biological mother confirmed subject—physical abuse, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Target child confirmed victim—physical abuse, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Foster care placement—target child, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Biological mother or target child confirmed subject or victim of CPS report, cumulative number | 7 year | High | -0.01 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample |
| Biological mother confirmed subject, cumulative number | 7 year | High | 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample |
| Target child confirmed victim, cumulative number | 7 year | High | -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample |
| Psychological aggression prevalence(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Minor physical aggression prevalence(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Serious physical aggressionprevalence (CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Neglect prevalence(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample | |
| Non-violent discipline frequency(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | 0.14 | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Psychological aggression frequency(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | 0.01 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Minor physical aggression frequency(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Serious physical abuse frequency(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | -0.20 | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Neglect frequency(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | 0.05 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
| Biological mother confirmed subject—sexual abuse, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Target child confirmed victim—sexual abuse, cumulative rate | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 1173 mothers | New York sample | |
| Non-violent discipline prevalence)(CTS-PC) | 7 year | High | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 897 mothers | New York sample |
This study included participants with the following characteristics at enrollment:
Race/Ethnicity
Maternal Education
Other Characteristics
This study included participants from the following locations:
- New York