Less than a high school diploma
21%
Wen, L. M., Baur, L. A., Simpson, J. M., Rissel, C., & Flood, V. M. (2011). Effectiveness of an early intervention on infant feeding practices and "tummy time": A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 165(8), 701-707.
Screening Conclusion
Eligible for review
Model(s) Reviewed
Funding Sources
The study was funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (ID number 393112) as part of the Healthy Beginnings Trial
Study Design
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized controlled trial | Low | Not established on race or SES; no outcome measures assessable at baseline. |
No |
Not assessed in manuscripts reviewed under Handbook of Procedures and Standards, Version 1 |
Notes
In 2020, HomVEE updated this review to move measures of bottle at bedtime and food used as reward concept from the Positive Parenting Practices domain to the Child Health domain because ACF determined that HomVEE should place all child feeding outcomes under the Child Health domain.
This randomized controlled trial had low attrition, no confounding factors, and no reassignment; it qualifies for a moderate rating in the HomVEE review. A high rating requires that authors statistically control for any baseline differences in race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), or measures of the outcome. Because the study authors do not indicate that they assessed race/ethnicity of the study sample, nor do they indicate that their analysis controls for this or any other variables, moderate is the highest possible rating for the study.
Findings that rate moderate or high in this manuscript
Child Development and School Readiness
| Outcome Measure | Timing of Follow-Up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect Size (Absolute Value) | Stastical Significance | Sample Size | Sample Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child use of cup | 12 months | Moderate | 0.43 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 | 527 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial |
Child Health
| Outcome Measure | Timing of Follow-Up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect Size (Absolute Value) | Stastical Significance | Sample Size | Sample Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bottle at bedtime | 12 months | Moderate | 0.23 | Statistically significant, p = 0.04 | 527 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Breastfeeding (yes/no)-Chi-square 12 months | 12 months | Moderate | 0.25 | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | 527 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Breastfeeding (yes/no)-Chi-square 6 months | 6 months | Moderate | 0.26 | Not statistically significant, p = | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Breastfeeding duration (weeks)-12 months | 12 months | Moderate | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 | 527 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | |||
| Breastfeeding exclusive (yes/no)-6 months | 6 months | Moderate | 0.45 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.14 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Food used as reward | 12 months | Moderate | 0.27 | Statistically significant, p = 0.04 | 527 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Introduction of solids (4 months or younger) | 6 months | Moderate | 0.30 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Introduction of solids (5 months) | 6 months | Moderate | 0.10 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Introduction of solids (6 months) | 6 months | Moderate | 0.35 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Introduction of solids (before 6 months) | 6 months | Moderate | 0.34 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial |
Positive Parenting Practices
| Outcome Measure | Timing of Follow-Up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect Size (Absolute Value) | Stastical Significance | Sample Size | Sample Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tummy time-age started (4 to 8 weeks) | 6 months | Moderate | 0.12 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Tummy time-age started (later than 8 weeks) | 6 months | Moderate | 0.20 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Tummy time-age started (less than 4 weeks) | 6 months | Moderate | 0.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial | ||
| Tummy time-if daily | 6 months | Moderate | 0.25 | Statistically significant, p = 0.05 | 561 mothers | Sydney, Australia Healthy Beginnings Trial |
This study included participants from the following locations:
- State not reported or international
International Locations
Australia
Study Participants
Evaluators randomly assigned pregnant women receiving prenatal care through two hospitals to intervention or control groups (with women from each hospital in each study group). The study enrolled 337 women in the intervention group and 330 women in the control group. Most women were assessed and randomized before giving birth (61 percent); however, the remaining cases were assessed and randomized shortly after giving birth. Evaluators examined outcomes 6 and 12 months after the child's birth. At 6 months, the authors analyzed 561 women (278 intervention, 283 control); at the 12-month follow-up, they analyzed 527 women (268 intervention, 259 control).Among the original randomized sample, the plurality of women (42 percent) were younger than age 25; most (54 percent) were either employed or on maternity leave, and most (55 percent) had a high school or technical diploma before the study began. Among these women, about one-third earned less than $40,000 annually; one-third earned $40,000 to $79,999; and one-third earned $80,000 or more. Authors did not report collecting race/ethnicity data but stated that 64 percent of women in the study were born in Australia.
Setting
The study was conducted in southwestern Sydney, Australia, through Liverpool and Campbelltown Hospitals, and enrolled women in the study in 2007 and 2008.
Intervention condition
Note: Navigate to the model page for more information about the home visiting model. See the source manuscript for more information about how the model was implemented in this study.
Comparison Conditions
The control group received the usual services provided in Australia, which includes home visiting from a childhood nursing service within one month of the child's birth. The study provided home safety promotion materials at 6 and 12 months.
Subgroups examined
• Timing of enrollment in intervention (prenatally or postnatally)