Black or African American
39%
Source
Dodge, K. A., Goodman, W. B., Murphy, R. A., O'Donnell, K., & Sato, J. (2013). Randomized controlled trial of universal postnatal nurse home visiting: Impact on emergency care. Pediatrics, 132(S2), S140-S146.
Model(s) Reviewed
Study Registration
Funding Sources
The Duke Endowment, the Pew Center on the States, NIH Grants K05DA15226, P30DA023026, and HD069981
Study Design
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized controlled trial | Low | Established on race/ethnicity; not established on SES; outcome measures not assessable at baseline | None |
Notes
Equivalence on race/ethnicity established using data from Dodge, K.A., Goodman, W.B., Murphy, R.A., O'Donnell, K., Sato, J. & Guptill, S. (2013). "Implementation and randomized controlled trial evaluation of universal postnatal nurse home visiting." American Journal of Public Health, published online ahead of print. Both articles used the same sample.
Study Participants
Among 4,777 residential births from July 1, 2009, through December 31, 2010, the authors randomly selected one family with a birth on each even day to receive Durham Connects, and one family with a birth on each odd day to be followed as the control group. If those selected did not consent to be studied, the authors replaced them with a randomly selected family from the same birth date with the same race/ethnicity. Among the 664 families enrolled in the study, 531 participated in follow-up data collection. Participating families were approximately one-quarter non-Hispanic white, 40 percent black, one-quarter Hispanic, and 9 percent were another race or ethnicity. Mothers were about 28 years old on average. Control group babies had slightly worse birth outcomes (on average) than control group babies. Eight percent of control group babies had a birth complication, whereas only 4 percent of Durham Connects babies had a birth complication (a statistically significant difference, p less than 0.05).
Setting
Durham, North Carolina
Home Visiting Services
Durham Connects' services consist of a total of four to seven contacts: a contact at the birthing hospital, one to three nurse home visits when infants are age 3 to 12 weeks, one or two nurse contacts with a community service provider, and a telephone or in-person follow-up contact one month later.
Comparison Conditions
Families in the comparison condition could receive other services in their community, but were not eligible to receive Durham Connects services.
Subgroups examined
• Race/ethnicity (minority or non-minority) • Infant birth risk or complications (high or low) • Public benefit receipt (Medicaid or no insurance) • Relationship status (single or partnered) • Child gender (boy or girl)
Study Participants
Among 4,777 residential births from July 1, 2009, through December 31, 2010, the authors randomly selected one family with a birth on each even day to receive Durham Connects, and one family with a birth on each odd day to be followed as the control group. If those selected did not consent to be studied, the authors replaced them with a randomly selected family from the same birth date with the same race/ethnicity. Among the 664 families enrolled in the study, 531 participated in follow-up data collection. Participating families were approximately one-quarter non-Hispanic white, 40 percent black, one-quarter Hispanic, and 9 percent were another race or ethnicity. Mothers were about 28 years old on average. Control group babies had slightly worse birth outcomes (on average) than control group babies. Eight percent of control group babies had a birth complication, whereas only 4 percent of Durham Connects babies had a birth complication (a statistically significant difference, p less than 0.05).
Setting
Durham, North Carolina
Home Visiting Services
Durham Connects' services consist of a total of four to seven contacts: a contact at the birthing hospital, one to three nurse home visits when infants are age 3 to 12 weeks, one or two nurse contacts with a community service provider, and a telephone or in-person follow-up contact one month later.
Comparison Conditions
Families in the comparison condition could receive other services in their community, but were not eligible to receive Durham Connects services.
Subgroups examined
• Race/ethnicity (minority or non-minority) • Infant birth risk or complications (high or low) • Public benefit receipt (Medicaid or no insurance) • Relationship status (single or partnered) • Child gender (boy or girl)
Findings that rate moderate or high in this manuscript
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size (absolute value) | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of total emergency medical care episodes, birth to 12 months (hospital records) | birth to 12 months | Moderate | 0.28 | Statistically significant, p<0.001 | 531 families | Interviewed subsample, 7/2009-12/2010 births | ||
| No. of total emergency medical care episodes, 6 to 12 months (hospital records) | 6 to 12 months | Moderate | 0.14 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 |
531 families | Interviewed subsample, 7/2009-12/2010 births | ||
| No. of emergency department visits, birth to 12 months (hospital records) | birth to 12 months | Moderate | Not statistically significant, p = 0.22 |
531 families | Interviewed subsample, 7/2009-12/2010 births | |||
| No. of overnights in hospital, birth to 12 months (hospital records) | birth to 12 months | Moderate | 0.27 | Statistically significant, p<0.001 | 531 families | Interviewed subsample, 7/2009-12/2010 births |
This study included participants with the following characteristics at enrollment:
Race/Ethnicity
Maternal Education
Other Characteristics
This study included participants from the following locations:
- North Carolina