American Indian or Alaska Native
100%
Barlow, A., Mullany, B., Neault, N., Billy, T., Hastings, R., Lorenzo, S., ... Walkup, J. T. (2014). A randomized controlled trial of a paraprofessional-delivered, home-visiting intervention: Three-year outcomes for American Indian teen mothers and their children. Manuscript under review.
Model(s): Family Spirit®
Study Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov
Study design characteristics contributing to rating
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors? | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized controlled trial | High |
Established on race/ethnicity and SES; outcomes not feasible to assess at baseline |
None |
Not assessed in manuscripts reviewed under Handbook of Procedures and Standards, Version 1 |
Notes from the review of this manuscript
Here, we report only the Child Behavior Checklist outcomes not included in the published version of the study (Barlow et al., 2015).
Child Development and School Readiness
| Outcome Measure | Timing of Follow-Up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect Size (Absolute Value) | Stastical Significance | Sample Size | Sample Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBCL mean, Externalizing domain (0-48) (T-score) | 2006-2008 sample, 3 years postpartum | Moderate | 0.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.89 | 280 children | Children with CBCL data | |
| CBCL mean, Internalizing domain (0-72) (T-score) | 2006-2008 sample, 3 years postpartum | Moderate | 0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.57 | 280 children | Children with CBCL data | |
| CBCL mean, Total Problems (0-200) (T-score) | 2006-2008 sample, 3 years postpartum | Moderate | 0.07 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.52 | 280 children | Children with CBCL data |
This study included participants from the following locations:
- Arizona
Study Participants
American Indian adolescent females ages 12 to 19 years at conception and at 32 weeks or earlier gestation who resided in one of four participating communities were recruited. The study sample included 322 participants who were randomly assigned to either the Family Spirit group (159) or the control group (163). The average age of participants at baseline was 18.1 years. Sixty percent lived with their parents and slightly more than half lived in two or more homes within the past year. Seventy-seven percent of participants were pregnant with their first child. During pregnancy, 14 percent of participants drank alcohol, 19 percent smoked cigarettes, and 13 percent used marijuana.
Setting
The program was implemented in four tribal communities across three reservations in Arizona.
Intervention condition
Note: Navigate to the model page for more information about the home visiting model. See the source manuscript for more information about how the model was implemented in this study.
Comparison Conditions
Participants in the control group received transportation to and from prenatal and well-baby visits, information on child care and community resources, and referrals for services.
Funding Sources
Support for this research was provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.