American Indian or Alaska Native
0.60%
Source
Meghea, C. I., You, Z., Raffo, J., Leach, R. E., & Roman, L. A. (2015). Statewide Medicaid enhanced prenatal care programs and infant mortality. Pediatrics, 136(2), 334–342.
Model(s) Reviewed
Funding Sources
The study was funded in part by the Michigan Department of Community Health.
Study Design
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-experimental comparison group design | Not applicable | Established on race/ethnicity and SES; outcome(s) not feasible to assess at baseline | None |
Notes
Study Participants
The study population included 126,880 women who were recipients of Medicaid and delivered a baby during the 2009-2012 calendar years in Michigan, with 63,440 women each in the treatment and comparison groups. The study sample was, on average, 24.5 years old. Twenty-six percent of the women were married. About 57 percent of women in the research sample were white, 36 percent were black, less than 1 percent were American Indian, and 6 percent were another race or ethnicity. More than 26 percent of women in the research sample were living at less than 33 percent of the federal poverty level, and 55 percent were receiving Medicaid before their pregnancy.
Setting
The study took place throughout the state of Michigan.
Home Visiting Services
MIHP provides prenatal and postnatal home visiting to pregnant women and infants living in Michigan who are Medicaid beneficiaries. Participation is voluntary, and includes health risk screenings, care coordination, referrals to other services, and interventions that are tailored to the needs of each person. These interventions may address healthy pregnancies, positive birth outcomes, infant safety, and infant health and development.
Comparison Conditions
Women in the comparison condition received Medicaid during the study period but did not volunteer to participate in any MIHP services.
Subgroups examined
• Race/ethnicity (Black or non-Black)
Findings that rate moderate or high in this manuscript
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infant death < 1 year |
One year following birth | Moderate | -0.19 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 | 126880 infants | Full sample; Michigan Medicaid 2009-2012 birth cohort | ||
| Infant death < 28 days | 28 days following birth | Moderate | -0.22 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 | 126880 infants | Full sample; Michigan Medicaid 2009-2012 birth cohort | ||
| Infant death 28-365 days | One year following birth | Moderate | -0.15 | Statistically significant, p = 0.02 | 126880 infants | Full sample; Michigan Medicaid 2009-2012 birth cohort |
This study included participants with the following characteristics at enrollment:
Race/Ethnicity
Maternal Education
Other Characteristics
This study included participants from the following locations:
- Michigan