Black or African American
28%
Lee, H., Crowne S., Estarziau M., Kranker K., Michalopoulos C., Warren A., Mijanovich T., Filene J. H., Duggan A., and Knox V. (2019). The Effects of Home Visiting on Prenatal Health, Birth Outcomes, and Health Care Use in the First Year of Life, Final Implementation and Impact Findings from the Mother and Infant Home Visiting Program Evaluation-Strong Start (OPRE Report, 2019-08). [Study 2-HFA contrast]. Washington, DC, Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/opre/mihope_stron…
Navigate to model page for more information about the home visiting model.
This research was supported by the Administration for Children and Families, funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services under a competitive award, Contract No. HHS-HHSP23320095644WC.
Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
---|---|---|---|---|
Randomized controlled trial | Low | Not assessed for randomized controlled trials with low attrition |
No |
Yes |
The Mother and Infant Home Visiting Program Evaluation-Strong Start (MIHOPE-Strong Start) included two evidence-based home visiting models; this review focuses on Healthy Families America (HFA). Findings in the manuscript that are pooled across various home visiting models are ineligible for review because HomVEE only reviews findings that isolate the effects of a specific model. Information on sample sizes, further information about findings, and information necessary to demonstrate equivalence of the intervention and comparison groups is based on correspondence with the authors.
The Mother and Infant Home Visiting Program Evaluation-Strong Start (MIHOPE-Strong Start) is a national evaluation of the Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) Program for families enrolled in Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program. MIHOPE-Strong Start study participants were recruited from local programs that primarily served Medicaid beneficiaries from 2012 to 2015. Participants were eligible for the MIHOPE-Strong Start evaluation if they were no more than 32 weeks pregnant, were age 15 or older, spoke English or Spanish proficiently, and met the relevant eligibility criteria for the local home visiting model. A total of 1,028 participants were recruited for the study through Healthy Families America (HFA) programs and randomly assigned to either the HFA home visiting intervention group (569 participants) or the comparison condition (459 participants). Up to 848 participants recruited for the study through HFA programs were included in the analyses: 466 in HFA and 382 in the comparison group. Similarly, up to 1,036 children of these participants were included in the analyses: 575 in HFA and 461 in the comparison group. Outcomes were measured at childbirth and when children were 12 months old. For MIHOPE-Strong Start participants recruited through HFA programs, 18 percent of women were of Mexican origin, 15 percent were another Hispanic ethnicity, 30 percent were White, 28 percent were Black, and 9 percent were another race. Thirty-six percent had less than a high school diploma at study entry. At enrollment, the average age of participants recruited through HFA programs was 24.
The study took place in 17 states: California, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin. The evaluation selected 37 local program affiliates that operated Healthy Families America (HFA) and met program eligibility criteria.
As described in this manuscript, Healthy Families America (HFA) consists of activities designed to assess family needs, educate and support parents, and refer families to community services. The content and delivery of HFA vary, but the intervention has historically focused on preventing child maltreatment and is typically geared toward families at risk of child maltreatment or with behavioral health issues. Families enroll in HFA prenatally or within the first three months after a child’s birth. Eighty-four percent of families assigned to the intervention group received at least one home visit. Families participated in home visits for an average of 9.2 months and received an average of 24 visits.
Navigate to model page for more information about the home visiting model.
Women assigned to the comparison group were not eligible to receive Healthy Families America (HFA) services. They received information about other appropriate services in their local community.
There were no subgroups reported in this manuscript.
Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size (absolute value) | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Any smoking during third trimester (%) |
Birth |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.31 |
848 mothers | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size (absolute value) | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low birth weight (< 2,500 grams) (%) |
Birth |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.51 |
935 infants | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
|||
Preterm birth (< 37 weeks) (%) |
Birth |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.68 |
935 infants | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
|||
Admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (%) |
Birth |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.44 |
1036 infants | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
|||
Infant was breastfed at hospital discharge (%) |
Birth |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.32 |
807 infants | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
|||
Any emergency department visits (%) |
12 months old |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.96 |
1036 infants | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
|||
Any nonbirth hospitalizations (%) |
12 months old |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.16 |
1036 infants | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
|||
Average number of well-child office visits |
12 months old |
High | Not statistically significant, p= 0.39 |
1036 infants | HFA vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE-Strong Start), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
This study included participants with the following characteristics at enrollment:
Race/Ethnicity
Maternal Education
Other Characteristics
This study included participants from the following locations: