Negative effect is favorable to the intervention.
Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker (MIHOW)®
Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2022
Effects shown in research
Child health
Findings rated high
164
Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker (MIHOW)®
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| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Child given other liquids by 2 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
176 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.01 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.06 | Difference = -0.05 | HomVEE calculated = -1.03 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.13 |
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Child given other liquids by 6 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
178 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.90 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.91 | Difference = -0.01 | HomVEE calculated = -0.05 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Child given solid food by 6 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
178 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.91 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.92 | Difference = -0.01 | HomVEE calculated = -0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.86 |
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
164
Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker (MIHOW)®
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| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Child given solid food by 9 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
109 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 1.00 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.98 | Difference = 0.02 | HomVEE calculated = 1.80 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.23 |
|
Currently breastfeeding at 9 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
109 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.43 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.25 | Difference = 0.18 | Study reported = 0.46 | Statistically significant, p= 0.04 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |
164
Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker (MIHOW)®
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| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
175 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.50 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.49 | Difference = 0.01 | HomVEE calculated = 0.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.94 |
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Ever breastfed the child |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 weeks postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
177 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.86 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.83 | Difference = 0.03 | Study reported = 0.13 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.57 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen’s D. |
Median number of weeks of exclusive breastfeeding |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
175 mothers | Unadjusted median = 1.40 | Unadjusted median = 0.30 | Median difference = 1.10 | Study reported = 0.04 | Statistically significant, p= 0.01 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen’s D. |
Never breastfed exclusively |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
176 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.56 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.79 | Difference = -0.24 | HomVEE calculated = -0.67 | Statistically significant, p < .05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Never breastfed the child |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
175 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.14 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.18 | Difference = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -0.14 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.56 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Still exclusive breastfeeding 6 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
176 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.02 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.01 | Difference = 0.01 | HomVEE calculated = 0.40 | Not statistically significant, p >= .05 |
|
Stopped breastfeeding by 2 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
175 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.16 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.09 | Difference = 0.06 | HomVEE calculated = 0.35 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.23 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Stopped breastfeeding by 2 weeks postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 weeks postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
175 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.02 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.02 | Difference = 0.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.95 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Stopped breastfeeding by 6 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
175 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.18 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.21 | Difference = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -0.13 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.57 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Stopped breastfeeding exclusively by 2 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
176 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.19 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.08 | Difference = 0.11 | HomVEE calculated = 0.59 | Statistically significant, p < .05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Stopped breastfeeding exclusively by 2 weeks postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 weeks postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014-2016, full sample |
176 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.23 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.12 | Difference = 0.12 | HomVEE calculated = 0.51 | Statistically significant, p < .05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Findings rated moderate
Maternal Infant Health Outreach Worker (MIHOW)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breastfeeding initiated (ever breastfed the child) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 weeks postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
113 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.97 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.89 | Difference = 0.08 | Study reported = 0.30 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.11 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |
Child given solid food by 2 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
112 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.02 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.08 | Difference = -0.06 | Study reported = -0.85 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.12 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |
Child given solid food by 6 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
111 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.95 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.93 | Difference = 0.02 | Study reported = 0.22 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.61 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |
Currently breastfeeding at 12 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
110 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.37 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.13 | Difference = 0.24 | Study reported = 0.74 | Statistically significant, p <.01 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |
Currently breastfeeding at 15 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
110 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.11 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.02 | Difference = 0.09 | HomVEE calculated = 1.09 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.05 |
|
Currently breastfeeding at 2 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
113 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.71 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.61 | Difference = 0.10 | Study reported = 0.25 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.26 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |
Currently breastfeeding at 2 weeks postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 weeks postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
106 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.84 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.82 | Difference = 0.03 | Study reported = 0.10 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.73 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |
Currently breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months postpartum |
MIHOW vs. MEI, Tennessee, 2018-2020, full sample |
111 mothers | Unadjusted proportion = 0.52 | Unadjusted proportion = 0.34 | Difference = 0.18 | Study reported = 0.40 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.06 |
Author-reported effect size was calculated with Cohen's D. |