Black or African American
79%
Barnes-Boyd, C., Norr, K. F., & Nacion, K. W. (1996). Evaluation of an interagency home visiting program to reduce postneonatal mortality in disadvantaged communities. Public Health Nursing, 13(3), 201-208.
Model(s) Reviewed
Navigate to model page for more information about the home visiting model.
Funding Sources
Special Project of Regional and National Significance Grant by the Office of Maternal and Child Health of the Department of Health and Human Services (MCJ 173851) and the University of Illinois Hospital.
Study Design
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-experimental comparison group design | NA | Established on race/ethnicity and SES. Baseline equivalence on outcomes not feasible. |
No |
Not assessed in manuscripts reviewed under Handbook of Procedures and Standards, Version 1 |
Findings that rate moderate or high in this manuscript
Child health
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size (absolute value) | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postneonatal Mortality Rate | 12 months | Moderate | Not available | 1775 infants | REACH and Comparison Group I | |||
| Incidence of preventable health problems | 7 to 15 days after birth | Moderate | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 531 infants | REACH and Comparison Group II | |||
| One or more physical problems at 12-month visit | 12 months | Moderate | 0.12 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | 327 infants | REACH and Comparison Group III | ||
| Number of illnesses in first year of life | 12 months | Moderate | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | 372 infants | REACH and Comparison Group III |
Child development and school readiness
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Direction of Effect | Effect size (absolute value) | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pass rate on Denver Developmental Screening Test | 12 months | Moderate | Not available | 372 infants | REACH and Comparison Group III |
Study Participants
Researchers recruited 1,269 infants who were healthy at birth and had high socioeconomic risk factors from target communities. At intake, 79 percent of the infants were African American and 18 percent were Hispanic. More than one-third of infants had mothers aged 19 or younger, and more than one-third had mothers with less than a high school education.
Setting
Chicago, Illinois
Home Visiting Services
Services included at least five home visits in the first year of life (at 2 weeks, 6-8 weeks, and 4, 8, and 12 months), and more as necessary. Timing of the home visits was designed to coincide with the child’s developmental changes and a greater likelihood of illness. Home visitors were registered nurses who coordinated the family’s care with participating agencies, made referrals, and provided individual counseling. The focus of the visits was health education and screening. Retention in the program (through 12 months) was 57.5 percent.
Model(s) Reviewed
Navigate to model page for more information about the home visiting model.
Comparison Conditions
The study included three comparison groups, which were used for different outcomes. The comparison group for the infant mortality outcome included infants residing in REACH target communities (but not participating in REACH) over a four-year span. The comparison group for the neonatal morbidity outcomes was 334 mothers and infants evaluated at 7-15 days postpartum for a study of early discharge conducted just before the REACH study began. For morbidity at 12 months, the comparison group was recruited from a pediatric clinic and was made up of 83 infants who lived either in REACH target communities or in other neighborhoods with high infant mortality rates.
This study included participants from the following locations:
- Illinois