Less than a high school diploma
83.90%
Source
Dugravier, R., Tubach, F., Saias, T., Guedeney, N., Pasquet, B., Purper-Ouakil, D., . . . Greacen, T. (2013). Impact of a manualized multifocal perinatal home-visiting program using psychologists on postnatal depression: The CAPEDP randomized controlled trial. PloS One, 8(8), e72216.
Model(s) Reviewed
Study Registration
Funding Sources
The study was funded by the National Ministry of Health Hospital Clinical Research Programme and the National Institute for Promotion and Health Education. The study was sponsored by the Hospital of Paris Clinical Research and Development Department of the Assistance Publique.
Study Design
| Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Confounding factors | Valid, reliable measures? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized controlled trial | Low | Established on SES and baseline measures of the outcome; not established on race/ethnicity | No |
Notes
Study Participants
Participants included 440 pregnant women: 222 women were randomly assigned to receive Promoting Parental Skills and Enhancing Attachment in Early Childhood (CAPEDP) and 218 were randomly assigned to the comparison group. Mothers were recruited and randomly assigned within 10 public maternity wards in Paris, France, before the 27th week of pregnancy. Mothers were eligible if they were first-time mothers and identified as high risk for maternal and infant depression, defined by at least one of the following risk factors: (1) less than 12 years of education, (2) planning to raise the child without the child’s father, or (3) low income. The sample of mothers was 22 years old, on average; 58 percent were French citizens; 52 percent were first-generation French immigrants; and 47 percent were low income.
Setting
Women were recruited for the study from 10 public maternity wards in Paris, France.
Home Visiting Services
A team of home visiting psychologists made 14 planned home visits to the treatment group, which included 6 prenatal visits beginning in the seventh month of pregnancy and 8 visits in the first three months of the child’s life. Home visitors were trained to identify and address maternal depression, promote maternal health and attachment, and provide social and emotional support. In cases where maternal depression was identified, home visitors were instructed to escalate cases to supervisors, make additional home visits as needed, and make referrals to community mental health agencies. Of the planned 6 prenatal and 8 postnatal home visits, the treatment group received 3.2 home visits in the prenatal period and 3.7 home visits in the postnatal period, on average.
Comparison Conditions
The comparison group received usual care. This entailed access to services provided by the French Mother and Child Protection Services, which includes access to community mental health centers.
Were any subgroups examined?
No
Subgroups examined
• Maternal depression (screening score low or screening score high) • Maternal education (less than 10 years of education or 10 or more) • Maternal substance use/disorder (yes or no) • Mother plans to raise the child without the child's father (yes or no) • Planned pregnancy (yes or no) • Mother considers herself to be poor (yes or no) • First generation immigrant (yes or no) • Mother experienced death of a parent before age 11 (yes or no)
Findings that rate moderate or high in this manuscript
| Outcome measure | Timing of follow-up | Rating | Effect size | Stastical significance | Sample size | Sample description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) | 3 months postpartum | Moderate | -0.15 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.33 | 367 mothers | CAPEDP vs. usual care, Paris |
This study included participants with the following characteristics at enrollment:
Race/Ethnicity
Maternal Education
Other Characteristics
This study included participants from the following locations:
- State not reported or international
International Locations
International (other)