Information on sample sizes for this study was received through communication with the authors. HomVEE previously rated 24-month outcomes for nurse home visitors Moderate due to high attrition. Upon further examination, HomVEE noted that the outcomes had low attrition, and therefore they rate High.
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2024
Effects shown in research
Reductions in child maltreatment
Findings rated high
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
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| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage abused | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 228 adolescents | = 0.39 | = 0.37 | Mean difference = 2.00 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Percentage neglected | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 228 adolescents | = 0.61 | = 0.63 | Mean difference = -2.00 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | Information on sample sizes for this study was received through communication with the authors. HomVEE previously rated 24-month outcomes for nurse home visitors Moderate due to high attrition. Upon further examination, HomVEE noted that the outcomes had low attrition, and therefore they rate High. |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
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| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of days hospitalized–injuries/ingestions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postnatal | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 children | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Adjusted mean = 0.18 | Mean difference = -0.14 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Number of emergency department visits–injuries/ingestions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postnatal | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 children | Adjusted mean = 0.33 | Adjusted mean = 0.34 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Number of hospitalizations–injuries/ingestions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postnatal | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 children | Adjusted mean = 0.01 | Adjusted mean = 0.03 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Number of outpatient visits–injuries/ingestions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postnatal | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 children | Adjusted mean = 0.11 | Adjusted mean = 0.20 | Mean difference = -0.09 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Total number of health care encounters–injuries/ingestions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postnatal | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 children | Adjusted mean = 0.43 | Adjusted mean = 0.56 | Mean difference = -0.13 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Any substantiated maltreatment report |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-month follow-up |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States,full sample |
1157 mothers | Adjusted proportion = 0.02 | Adjusted proportion = 0.03 | Difference = -0.01 | Study reported = -0.30 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons is reported; precise p-values are not available. |
Loss of custody |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-month follow-up |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States,full sample |
1039 mothers | Adjusted proportion = 0.02 | Adjusted proportion = 0.01 | Difference = 0.00 | Study reported = 0.08 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons is reported; precise p-values are not available. |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
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| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Any Medicaid-paid health care encounter for injury or ingestion, % (fixed effect random slope analysis) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 months old |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
895 children | Not reported | Not reported | Difference = -0.04 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p= 0.42 |
Any Medicaid-paid health care encounter for injury or ingestion, % (restricted maximum likelihood analysis) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 months old |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
895 children | Not reported | Not reported | Difference = -0.04 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p= 0.35 |
Any Medicaid-paid health care encounter for injury or ingestion, % (split-sample analysis) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 months old |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
895 children | Not reported | Not reported | Difference = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -0.10 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.29 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substantiated reports of child abuse and neglect (incidence) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.35 | Adjusted mean = 0.54 | Mean difference = -0.19 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Substantiated reports of child abuse and neglect (incidence) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.29 | Adjusted mean = 0.54 | Mean difference = -0.25 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of emergency room visits for accidents and poisonings (first year of life) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
1-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 205 children | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Adjusted mean = 0.06 | Mean difference = 0.06 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| Number of emergency room visits for accidents and poisonings (first year of life) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
1-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 223 children | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Adjusted mean = 0.06 | Mean difference = 0.06 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
| Number of emergency room visits for accidents and poisonings (second year of life) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 196 children | Adjusted mean = 0.15 | Adjusted mean = 0.34 | Mean difference = -0.19 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
| Number of emergency room visits for accidents and poisonings (second year of life) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 185 children | Adjusted mean = 0.32 | Adjusted mean = 0.34 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| Substantiated abuse or neglect | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison | 247 children | % (adjusted) = 8.00 | Adjusted mean % = 10.00 | Mean difference = -2.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.15 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.10 |
| Substantiated abuse or neglect | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison | 256 children | % (adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 10.00 | Mean difference = -5.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.45 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.10 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
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| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New substantiated cases of abuse/neglect from 25 to 48 months | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
48 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 children | % (adjusted) = 4.00 | Adjusted mean % = 5.00 | Mean difference = -1.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.14 | Statistical significance not reported | |
| New substantiated cases of abuse/neglect from 25 to 48 months | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
48 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 253 children | % (adjusted) = 8.00 | Adjusted mean % = 5.00 | OR = 1.80 | Study reported = 0.30 | Not statistically significant p > 0.05 |
The HomVEE reversed the odds ratio from the study-reported calculation to reflect the odds of the treatment versus the control group.
|
| Number of emergency department visits for injuries/ingestions (25 to 50 months) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
50 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 221 children | Adjusted mean = 0.47 | Adjusted mean = 0.61 | Mean difference = -0.14 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Number of injuries/ingestions in physician record (25 to 50 months) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
50 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 221 children | Adjusted mean = 0.34 | Adjusted mean = 0.57 | Mean difference = -0.23 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child foster care placements | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
0 to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 12.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | OR = 3.33 | HomVEE calculated = 0.72 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number maltreatment, substantiated reports (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | Unknown | = 0.76 | = 0.68 | = 8.00 | HomVEE calculated = 0.24 | Statistical significance not reported |
| Number neglect, substantiated reports (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | Unknown | = 0.83 | = 0.73 | = 10.00 | HomVEE calculated = 0.36 | Statistical significance not reported |
| Onset of maltreatment | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | Unknown | Not available | Not available | HR = 0.73 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| Onset of neglect | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | Unknown | Not available | Not available | HR = 0.59 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
Findings rated moderate
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of emergency department visits for injuries/ingestions (25 to 50 months) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
50 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 209 children | Adjusted mean = 0.46 | Adjusted mean = 0.61 | Mean difference = -0.15 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| Number of injuries/ingestions in physician record (25 to 50 months) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
50 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 209 children | Adjusted mean = 0.56 | Adjusted mean = 0.57 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |