Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations.
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2024
Effects shown in research
Positive parenting practices
Findings rated high
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parenting practices - Hostility: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 children | Unadjusted mean = 1.38 | Unadjusted mean = 1.99 | MD = -0.61 | HomVEE calculated = -1.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Parenting practices - Inconsistent discipline: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 children | Unadjusted mean = 1.90 | Unadjusted mean = 1.99 | MD = -0.09 | HomVEE calculated = -0.16 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.23 |
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Parenting practices - Parent involvement: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 children | Unadjusted mean = 3.34 | Unadjusted mean = 3.33 | MD = 0.01 | HomVEE calculated = 0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.89 |
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Parenting practices - Supervision: Parenting Style Index measure by Steinberg et al. (1993) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 children | Unadjusted mean = 0.86 | Unadjusted mean = 0.89 | MD = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -0.26 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.05 |
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Parenting practices - Warmth: Child Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 children | Unadjusted mean = 3.65 | Unadjusted mean = 3.67 | MD = -0.02 | HomVEE calculated = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.76 |
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOME (emotional/ cognitive stimulation) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 675 mothers | Adjusted mean = 32.30 | Adjusted mean = 30.90 | Mean difference = 1.40 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
| NCAST Child Responsiveness (total score) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postnatal | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 1082 children | Adjusted mean = 17.70 | Adjusted mean = 17.40 | Mean difference = 0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
| NCAST Maternal Teaching (total score) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 675 mothers | Adjusted mean = 36.70 | Adjusted mean = 36.50 | Mean difference = 0.20 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
| Beliefs associated with child abuse (AAPI total score) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 672 mothers | Adjusted mean = 98.70 | Adjusted mean = 100.50 | Mean difference = -1.80 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Three-Bag Task composite score of parental supportiveness (fixed effect random slope analysis) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 months old |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
723 mothers | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Study reported = 0.08 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.40 |
Three-Bag Task composite score of parental supportiveness (restricted maximum likelihood analysis) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 months old |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
723 mothers | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Study reported = 0.08 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.41 |
Three-Bag Task composite score of parental supportiveness (split-sample analysis) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 months old |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States, full sample |
723 mothers | Not reported | Not reported | Difference = 0.14 | Study reported = 0.14 | Statistically significant, p= 0.04 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOME (avoidance of restriction and punishment) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
10 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 184 mothers | Adjusted mean = 5.77 | Adjusted mean = 5.60 | Mean difference = 0.17 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| HOME (avoidance of restriction and punishment) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
10 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 191 mothers | Adjusted mean = 5.40 | Adjusted mean = 5.60 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| HOME (avoidance of restriction and punishment) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 180 mothers | Adjusted mean = 5.82 | Adjusted mean = 6.28 | Mean difference = -0.46 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| HOME (avoidance of restriction and punishment) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 171 mothers | Adjusted mean = 5.53 | Adjusted mean = 6.28 | Mean difference = -0.75 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| HOME (provision of appropriate play materials) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
10 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 195 mothers | Adjusted mean = 7.45 | Adjusted mean = 7.26 | Mean difference = 0.19 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| HOME (provision of appropriate play materials) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
10 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 201 mothers | Adjusted mean = 7.36 | Adjusted mean = 7.26 | Mean difference = 0.10 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| HOME (provision of appropriate play materials) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 190 mothers | Adjusted mean = 8.66 | Adjusted mean = 8.65 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| HOME (provision of appropriate play materials) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 198 mothers | Adjusted mean = 8.68 | Adjusted mean = 8.65 | Mean difference = 0.03 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Conflict | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 164 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.27 | Adjusted mean = 0.25 | Mean difference = 0.02 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| Conflict | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 163 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.29 | Adjusted mean = 0.25 | Mean difference = 0.04 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Spank or hit (number of times last 2 weeks) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 159 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.19 | Adjusted mean = 1.09 | Mean difference = -0.90 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Spank or hit (number of times last 2 weeks) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 151 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.71 | Adjusted mean = 1.09 | Mean difference = 0.62 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| Worry or concern (Sum of positive responses for behavioral problems) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 163 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.83 | Adjusted mean = 0.54 | Mean difference = 0.29 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
| Worry or concern (Sum of positive responses for behavioral problems) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 164 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.61 | Adjusted mean = 0.54 | Mean difference = 0.07 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
| Yell or scold (number of times last 2 weeks) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 159 mothers | Adjusted mean = 3.99 | Adjusted mean = 7.90 | Mean difference = -3.91 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Yell or scold (number of times last 2 weeks) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 151 mothers | Adjusted mean = 7.56 | Adjusted mean = 7.90 | Mean difference = -0.34 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOME inventory (total score) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
34 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 38.45 | Adjusted mean = 39.03 | Mean difference = -0.58 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| HOME inventory (total score) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
34 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 238 mothers | Adjusted mean = 39.08 | Adjusted mean = 39.03 | Mean difference = 0.05 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
| HOME inventory (total score) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 238 mothers | Adjusted mean = 39.66 | Adjusted mean = 39.67 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
| HOME inventory (total score) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 40.18 | Adjusted mean = 39.67 | Mean difference = 0.51 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Hazardous exposures observed in home | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
34 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 209 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.22 | Adjusted mean = 0.38 | Mean difference = -0.16 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio.
|
| Hazardous exposures observed in home | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
34 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 202 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.23 | Adjusted mean = 0.38 | Mean difference = -0.15 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Hazardous exposures observed in home | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 202 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.31 | Adjusted mean = 0.46 | Mean difference = -0.15 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Hazardous exposures observed in home | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 209 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.21 | Adjusted mean = 0.46 | Mean difference = -0.25 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio.
|
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOME total score | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 408 mothers | Adjusted mean = 25.32 | Adjusted mean = 25.09 | Mean difference = 0.23 | Study reported = 0.07 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.47 |
| Sensitive/responsive interaction | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 408 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.51 | Adjusted mean = 98.66 | Mean difference = 1.85 | Study reported = 0.18 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.06 |
260
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOME environment score | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 months | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 420 mothers | Adjusted mean = 37.40 | Adjusted mean = 37.10 | Mean difference = 0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
| Mother-infant responsive interaction | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 392 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.15 | Adjusted mean = 98.99 | Mean difference = 1.16 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Findings rated moderate
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOME environment score | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Unknown | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 406 mothers | Adjusted mean = 37.79 | Adjusted mean = 37.10 | Mean difference = 0.69 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Authors report the difference in this outcome to be statistically significant, p < 0.10, which is greater than the acceptable alpha for this review (α = 0.05).
|
| Mother-infant responsive interaction | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Unknown | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 372 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.31 | Adjusted mean = 98.99 | Mean difference = 1.32 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
The study indicates home environments were rated at 12 and 21 months, however, only one result is presented in the article and the timing is not labeled.
|
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOME total score | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 412 mothers | Adjusted mean = 25.08 | Adjusted mean = 25.09 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Study reported = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.96 |
| Sensitive/responsive interaction | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 412 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.92 | Adjusted mean = 98.66 | Mean difference = 2.26 | Study reported = 0.23 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 |